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Greek Mythology Notes

Sappho

🗡 heroLegendaryΣαπφώ
Greatest lyric poet, legend of Lesbos

Sappho was the historical poet of Lesbos whose life became so encrusted with legend — especially her‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌ alleged leap from the Leucadian cliff — that she exists at the boundary of myth and history.

The Legend of Sappho

The greatest lyric poet of antiquity, Sappho led a thiasos for young women on Lesbos.‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌ Ancient legend — likely apocryphal — held that she loved the beautiful boatman Phaon and, when rejected, leapt from the Leucadian cliff sacred to Apollo. Her poetry invoked Aphrodite directly, and she was called the tenth Muse by Plato. Her connection to myth runs through her invocations: Aphrodite's chariot drawn by sparrows, Eros as a bitter-sweet force, and Helen's choice of Paris over Menelaus as proof that love conquers duty. Artemis, the Graces, and Hermes figure in her fragments alongside the gods of Olympus.

Parents

Scamandronymus and Cleis

Children

Cleis (daughter)

Symbols

lyreLesbosfragmentswhite cliff

Fun Fact

Sappho gave English two words for female love — "sapphic" from her name and "lesbian" from her island. Both come from her poetry.

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

sapphiclesbian

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