Skip to main content
Greek Mythology Notes

Tiryns

🏛 placeΤίρυνς
geography

A massive Bronze Age citadel in the Argolid, birthplace of Heracles, whose cyclopean walls were said‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍ to be built by giants.

The Story of Tiryns

Tiryns was one of the mightiest strongholds of the Bronze Age Aegean, its walls so thick and massive‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍ that Greek tradition attributed their construction to the Cyclopes — one-eyed giants from Lycia who alone had the strength to lift such stones. The walls' style came to be called "Cyclopean masonry." Heracles was born at Tiryns in some traditions (others give Thebes), and it was at Tiryns that the Perseid kings ruled the Argolid. After the Bronze Age collapse, the site remained inhabited but never regained its glory; Pausanias visited its ruins and expressed awe at the walls, comparing them to Egypt's pyramids.

Parents

{Perseus (Perseid dynasty)}

Children

{Heracles (born here in some traditions),Eurystheus (king here)}

Symbols

cyclopean wallslion gatecitadellabyrinthine corridors

Fun Fact

The walls of Tiryns contain corridors with corbelled vaulting that are still intact — you can walk through them today, unchanged since the Bronze Age, more than 3,000 years ago.

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

cyclopean

Explore Further

Ilium

🏛 place

Geography

The citadel of Troy, site of the legendary ten-year siege by the Greek forces

iliad

Panopeus

🏛 place

geography

A Phocian town whose rough-shaped stones were said to be leftovers from when the Titans made the giant Tityus.

Cyclopean

💭 concept

Language and architecture

An English adjective meaning immense or massive, particularly applied to ancient stonework of enormous blocks, named after the Cyclopes who were believed to have built the walls of Mycenae and Tiryns

cyclopean

Acrocorinth

🏛 place

geography

The towering citadel rock above Corinth, sacred to Aphrodite and site of her famous temple.

Mycenae

🏛 place

Citadel of Agamemnon

Mycenae was the great Bronze Age citadel in the Argolid, seat of King Agamemnon who led the Greek expedition against Troy — its Lion Gate still stands after 3,200 years.

Mycenaean

Crete

🏛 place

Island of the Minotaur and Minoan civilisation

Crete was the largest Greek island and the seat of the Minoan civilisation, home to King Minos, the labyrinth, and the bull-cult that produced some of mythology's most famous stories.

Aetna

🏛 place

volcano, Sicily

The great volcano of Sicily, beneath which Zeus imprisoned the monster Typhon and where Hephaestus kept his forge.

Etna

Arges

🏛 place

geography

The Argolid plain dominated by the city of Argos, one of the oldest and most mythologically saturated regions of Greece.

argonaut

Troy

🏛 place

City besieged in the Trojan War

The legendary city in Asia Minor besieged by the Greeks for ten years in the Trojan War. Troy's fall — achieved through the deception of the wooden horse — is one of myth's defining moments.

TrojanTrojan horse

Hyria

🏛 place

geography

A Boeotian town where the giants Orion and Orion's origin myth was set, connected to Zeus, Poseidon, and Hermes.

Mount Ossa

🏛 place

mountain, Thessaly

A mountain in Thessaly that the Giants stacked beneath Pelion in their attempt to storm the heavens and overthrow the Olympian gods.

Meroe

🏛 place

geography

A distant African kingdom mentioned in Greek mythology as the land at the source of the Nile, associated with the Ethiopians.

Ethiopia (via Aethiopia)