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Greek Mythology Notes

Crete

🏛 placeΚρήτη
Island of the Minotaur and Minoan civilisation
Crete

Crete was the largest Greek island and the seat of the Minoan civilisation, home to King Minos, the ‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍labyrinth, and the bull-cult that produced some of mythology's most famous stories.

The Story of Crete

Zeus himself was born and hidden in a cave on Mount Ida in Crete, nursed by the goat Amaltheia while the Kouretes clashed their shields to mask his cries from Kronos.‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍ Crete later became the kingdom of Minos, who ruled from Knossos. Poseidon sent a white bull from the sea; when Minos refused to sacrifice it, Poseidon caused his wife Pasiphaë to desire it, producing the Minotaur. Daedalus built the labyrinth to contain the beast and later escaped the island on wings of wax and feathers. When archaeologists excavated Knossos in 1900, they found a palace of over 1,000 rooms.

Symbols

labyrinthbulldouble axepalace

Fun Fact

The Minoan palace at Knossos had indoor plumbing, multi-storey buildings, and frescoes — a civilisation so advanced it seemed mythical to later Greeks.

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Tyre

🏛 place

Geography

The great Phoenician island-city whose princess Europa was abducted by Zeus in the form of a bull

tyrian

Thasos

🏛 place

Geography

A gold-rich island in the northern Aegean colonised from Paros and associated with the hero Heracles

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Libya

🏛 place

Geography

The ancient Greek name for the entire continent of Africa, personified as a daughter of Epaphus and Memphis

libya

Samothrace

🏛 place

Island of the Kabeiroi Mysteries

Samothrace was a mountainous island in the northern Aegean, home to a mystery cult second only to Eleusis.

Chalcis

🏛 place

Geography

A major city on the island of Euboea renowned for its metalworking and its role in Greek colonisation

chalcedony

Ilium

🏛 place

Geography

The citadel of Troy, site of the legendary ten-year siege by the Greek forces

iliad

Knossos

🏛 place

Palace of Minos and the Labyrinth

Knossos was the vast Bronze Age palace complex in Crete — seat of King Minos and the mythological site of the Labyrinth.

Minoan

Lemnos

🏛 place

Island of Hephaestus

Lemnos was a volcanic island in the northern Aegean sacred to Hephaestus, where the god of the forge landed after Zeus hurled him from Olympus.

Salamis

🏛 place

Geography

An island in the Saronic Gulf where the Greeks won a decisive naval victory over Persia and where Ajax was king

none

Ithaca

🏛 place

Island kingdom of Odysseus

A small, rocky island in the Ionian Sea that was the homeland of Odysseus. His desperate longing to return to Ithaca drove his ten-year journey after the Trojan War.

Corcyra

🏛 place

island, Ionian Sea

A large island off the northwestern coast of Greece, identified in antiquity with the mythical Phaeacia where Odysseus was shipwrecked.

Phrygia

🏛 place

kingdom, Anatolia

An ancient kingdom in central Anatolia famous in Greek myth for King Midas and the cult of the Great Mother goddess Cybele.

Phrygian (musical mode)