Skip to main content
Greek Mythology Notes

Heracles

🗡 heroLaboursἩρακλῆς
The twelve labours

Heracles performed twelve seemingly impossible labours as penance for killing his family in a madnes‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌s sent by Hera — the most famous cycle of heroic tasks in mythology.

The Legend of Heracles

Driven mad by Hera, Heracles killed his own children in Thebes.‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌ Apollo's oracle at Delphi commanded him to serve King Eurystheus of Mycenae. He slew the Nemean Lion, killed the Hydra with Iolaus's help, captured the Cerynitian Hind sacred to Artemis, and brought back the Erymanthian Boar. He cleaned the Augean stables, drove off the Stymphalian Birds, captured the Cretan Bull of Poseidon, and tamed the Mares of Diomedes. He took Hippolyta's girdle from the Amazons, stole Geryon's cattle, fetched the Apples of the Hesperides with Atlas, and dragged Cerberus from Hades. Athena guided him throughout.

Parents

Zeus and Alcmene

Children

Many, including Hyllus

Symbols

lion skinclubbowolive wreath

Fun Fact

"Herculean" — meaning requiring enormous strength or effort — is one of the most common mythological adjectives in English.

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

herculean

Explore Further

Heracles

🗡 hero

Greatest of all Greek heroes

The son of Zeus and Alcmene who performed twelve impossible labours and was the only hero to achieve full godhood after death.

herculeanHerculaneum

Twelve Labours of Heracles

💭 concept

Narrative

The twelve impossible tasks imposed upon Heracles as penance for killing his family in a divine madness

Herculean

Androgeos

🗡 hero

Athletics, sacrifice

Son of King Minos whose murder at Athens caused the tribute of seven youths and seven maidens to the Minotaur

Aegyptus

🗡 hero

None recorded

A mythological king with fifty sons who demanded marriage to the fifty daughters of his brother Danaus, precipitating one of the most infamous mass killings in Greek mythology

egypt

Jason

🗡 hero

Leader of the Argonauts

The hero who assembled the Argonauts and sailed to Colchis to retrieve the Golden Fleece, aided by Medea's sorcery.

Argonaut

Eurystheus

🗡 hero

fate

King of Mycenae who assigned Heracles his twelve labours, born prematurely through Hera's manipulation to gain power over the demigod.

Bellerophon

🗡 hero

The hero who tamed Pegasus

The Corinthian hero who tamed the winged horse Pegasus and slew the Chimera, but fell from heaven when he tried to reach Olympus.

chimerachimerical

Heracles

🗡 hero

Greatest of the Greek heroes, demigod of strength

The greatest hero of Greek mythology, son of Zeus and the mortal Alcmene. Famous for his extraordinary strength and his Twelve Labors.

herculean

Megara

🗡 hero

None recorded

First wife of Heracles, given to him as a reward and later killed in his madness

Neleus

🗡 hero

kingship

Son of Poseidon and Tyro, founder of Pylos, father of Nestor, killed by Heracles for refusing purification.

Laomedon

🗡 hero

treachery

King of Troy who cheated both Apollo and Poseidon of their wages and set the pattern of Trojan oath-breaking.

Perseus

🗡 hero

Hero who slew Medusa

The son of Zeus and Danae who beheaded Medusa, rescued Andromeda, and founded the Perseid dynasty of Mycenae.