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Greek Mythology Notes

Centaur

🐉 creatureNessusΝέσσος
Centaur whose dying gift killed Heracles

Nessus was the centaur whose poisoned blood, given as a false love charm, ultimately destroyed the i‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍nvincible Heracles.

The Myth of Centaur

Nessus the centaur offered to ferry Deianira across the river Evenus while Heracles crossed by another route.‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍ Midstream, Nessus attempted to assault her. Heracles shot him from the far bank with an arrow dipped in the Hydra's venom — the poison that made his arrows lethal since his second labour. As Nessus lay dying, he whispered to Deianira that his blood, mixed with the Hydra's poison, would serve as a love charm to keep Heracles faithful. Years later, fearing she was losing Heracles to Iole, Deianira soaked a robe in the blood and sent it to him. The poison burned through his flesh. In agony, Heracles built his own funeral pyre on Mount Oeta and ascended to Olympus, where he married Hebe.

Parents

Ixion and Nephele

Symbols

poisoned bloodriver crossingburning robe

Fun Fact

A "shirt of Nessus" means an inescapable torment — used in everything from diplomacy to describing toxic relationships.

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

Nessus shirt

Explore Further

Nessus

🐉 creature

Centaur whose blood killed Heracles

Nessus was the centaur who tried to abduct Heracles' wife Deianira — and whose poisoned blood, given as a love charm, eventually killed the greatest hero.

Nessus shirt

Centaur

🐉 creature

Gentle centaur host of Heracles

Pholus was a civilised centaur who hosted Heracles on his way to capture the Erymanthian Boar — accidentally triggering a battle with the other centaurs.

Iolaus Serpent

🐉 creature

serpents,regeneration

The multi-headed water serpent of Lerna whose heads regenerated when cut — the Hydra — whose blood Heracles used to poison his arrows, causing indirect deaths for generations afterward.

Deianeira

🗡 hero

love, destruction

The wife of Heracles whose love inadvertently killed the greatest hero in Greek mythology when she used the poisoned shirt of Nessus.

deianeira

Cenaeum

🏛 place

geography

A promontory on the northwestern tip of Euboea where Heracles built an altar and put on the fatal shirt of Nessus.

Shirt of Nessus

💭 concept

curse, artifact

The poisoned garment that killed Heracles, soaked in the blood of the centaur Nessus and given to Deianeira as a false love charm.

nessus shirt

Asbolus

🗡 hero

Prophecy, centaurs

Centaur seer who read omens in the flight of birds and warned his kin against fighting Heracles

Chiron

🐉 creature

Wisest centaur

Chiron tutored Achilles, Asclepius, Jason — the great teacher.

chiropracticchirurgeon

Lichas

🗡 hero

None recorded

Herald of Heracles who unwittingly delivered the poisoned robe that killed his master

Lernaean Hydra

🐉 creature

Many-headed water serpent

The Hydra was a gigantic water serpent with multiple heads — when one was severed, two more grew in its place, making it seemingly impossible to kill.

hydrahydranthydraulic

Ixion

🗡 hero

punishment

First human murderer of kin, who attempted to seduce Hera and was bound to an eternally spinning wheel of fire.

Ophiotaurus

🐉 creature

hybrid creatures

A creature half bull and half serpent whose entrails, if burned, could grant power to overthrow the gods