Greek Mythology Notes

Pentheus (King)

hero
Πενθεύς
hubris

King of Thebes who denied Dionysus's divinity and was torn apart by his own mother and aunts in a Bacchic frenzy.

The Myth

His own mother ripped his head off — thinking he was a lion. Pentheus refused to accept that his cousin Dionysus was a god and tried to imprison him. Dionysus broke free effortlessly and lured Pentheus to spy on the Maenads by offering to dress him as a woman. Hidden in a tree on Mount Cithaeron, Pentheus was spotted. Dionysus pointed him out, and the maddened women — led by his mother Agave and aunt Ino — tore him limb from limb in sparagmos. Agave carried his head back to Thebes on a thyrsus, proudly displaying her lion kill until the madness cleared. Euripides's Bacchae is built around this scene.

Parents

Echion, Agave

Symbols

thyrsuspine treetorn limbs

Fun Fact

Euripides wrote the Bacchae while in exile in Macedonia — it was performed posthumously.

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