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Greek Mythology Notes

Vesta

godἙστία
Hearth, home, sacred fire, domestic life

Roman goddess of the hearth and sacred fire, equivalent to the Greek Hestia, served by the Vestal Vi‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌rgins

The Myth of Vesta

Vesta was arguably the most important goddess in daily Roman life, though she had almost no mythology.‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌ Every household maintained a fire sacred to her, and the state maintained an eternal flame in her circular temple in the Forum, tended by the six Vestal Virgins. These priestesses served for thirty years, during which they had to remain chaste — violation was punished by being buried alive. In return, Vestals enjoyed extraordinary privileges: they could free condemned prisoners, owned property independently, and had the best seats at public games. If Vesta's flame ever went out, it was considered a terrible omen for Rome. Her temple was one of the last pagan shrines to be closed, finally shut in 394 AD.

Parents

Saturn and Ops

Symbols

sacred flamehearthdonkey

Fun Fact

Vestal Virgins who broke their vow of chastity were sentenced to be buried alive in an underground chamber

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

vestvestibule

Explore Further

Hestia

god

Goddess of the hearth and home

The eldest child of Kronos and goddess of the hearth fire. Hestia was the gentlest of the Olympians, tending the sacred fire at the center of every home and temple.

vestal (via Roman Vesta)

Hestia

god

Goddess of the hearth and home

The firstborn of the Olympians and the most quietly powerful — the goddess of the hearth fire around which every home and city was centred.

Goddess of the Hearth

💭 concept

Hearth, home, domesticity, sacred flame

Hestia keeps the sacred hearth fire burning on Olympus and in every mortal home, representing domestic stability.

hestiavestahearth

Vulcan

god

Fire, forge, metalworking, volcanoes

Roman god of fire and the forge, equivalent to the Greek Hephaestus

volcanovulcanise

Hera

god

Queen of the gods and guardian of marriage

The queen of Olympus and goddess of marriage who defended the institution of matrimony with a wrath that shaped half the myths.

Bellona

god

War, destruction, battlefield fury

Roman goddess of war and destruction, companion or sister of Mars, equivalent to the Greek Enyo

bellicosebelligerentrebel

Juno

god

Marriage, childbirth, women, the state

Queen of the Roman gods and protector of women and the state, counterpart to the Greek Hera

Junemoney

Demeter

god

Goddess of the harvest and sacred law

The goddess of grain and agriculture whose grief at losing her daughter created winter and whose mysteries at Eleusis promised life after death.

cereal

Epione

goddess

soothing of pain, healing, comfort

Goddess of the soothing of pain, wife of Asclepius and mother of the healing deities who attended his cult at Epidaurus.

epione

Jupiter

god

King of gods, sky, thunder

Supreme deity of the Roman pantheon, equivalent to the Greek Zeus, ruling over gods and mortals from the heavens

jovial

Victoria

god

Victory, triumph, success

Roman goddess of victory, equivalent to the Greek Nike

victoryvictorious

Minerva

god

Wisdom, strategy, crafts, education

Roman goddess of wisdom, strategic warfare, and the arts, equated with the Greek Athena

mineral