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Greek Mythology Notes

Bellona

godἘνυώ
War, destruction, battlefield fury

Roman goddess of war and destruction, companion or sister of Mars, equivalent to the Greek Enyo‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌

The Myth of Bellona

Bellona was the fierce goddess of the battlefield, embodying the destructive fury of combat that Mars's more dignified cult could not fully express.‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌ Her temple near the Circus Flaminius served a crucial diplomatic function: since the Senate could not meet inside the city walls with foreign ambassadors or returning generals who still held military command, they met in Bellona's temple just outside. Before her temple stood the columna bellica, a small pillar over which a priest hurled a javelin to formally declare war on distant enemies. Her priests, the Bellonarii, worked themselves into ecstatic frenzies, slashing their own arms and offering their blood to the goddess.

Parents

None recorded

Symbols

torchswordchariotwhip

Fun Fact

War was formally declared by hurling a javelin over a pillar outside Bellona's temple — a ritual that persisted for centuries

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

bellicosebelligerentrebel

Explore Further

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god

Goddess of war and destruction

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god

God of brutal, bloodthirsty warfare

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Underworld

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Combat, fray, hand-to-hand fighting

The daimones of close combat and the chaotic violence of the battlefield melee

none

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god

God of war, violence, bloodshed

God of the brutal, savage side of war. Unlike Athena's strategic warfare, Ares represented the raw violence and chaos of battle.

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god

Queen of the gods and guardian of marriage

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god

Wisdom, strategy, crafts, education

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Athena

god

Goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare

The warrior-goddess born from Zeus's head who embodied strategic intelligence, craft, and the civilising arts of the city.

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Phobos

god

God of fear and panic in battle

Phobos was the god of fear who accompanied his father Ares into battle, spreading terror before the armies.

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Goddess of victory

The winged goddess of victory who flew across battlefields crowning the victors and who stood beside Zeus as his constant companion.

Victoria

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Victory, triumph, success

Roman goddess of victory, equivalent to the Greek Nike

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