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Greek Mythology Notes

Victoria

godΝίκη
Victory, triumph, success

Roman goddess of victory, equivalent to the Greek Nike‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌

The Myth of Victoria

Victoria was ubiquitous in Roman culture — her image appeared on coins, monuments, triumphal arches, and military standards across the empire.‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌ Her most famous cult object was the Altar of Victoria in the Roman Senate house, placed there by Augustus in 29 BC. Senators burned incense at this altar before each session, and its removal in 382 AD by the Christian emperor Gratian provoked one of the last great confrontations between paganism and Christianity, when the senator Symmachus pleaded eloquently but unsuccessfully for its return. Victoria was depicted as a winged woman holding a laurel wreath, descending from heaven to crown the victor. The Nike of Samothrace, though Greek, captures exactly how Romans imagined their Victoria.

Parents

Pallas and Styx

Symbols

wingslaurel wreathpalm branch

Fun Fact

The removal of Victoria's altar from the Senate in 382 AD was one of the final battles between Roman paganism and Christianity

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

victoryvictorious

Explore Further

Nike

god

Goddess of victory

Nike was the winged goddess of victory in all domains — war, athletics, art.

Nike

Nike

god

Goddess of victory

The winged goddess of victory who flew across battlefields crowning the victors and who stood beside Zeus as his constant companion.

Pax

god

Peace, harmony, prosperity

Roman goddess of peace and civic harmony, equivalent to the Greek Eirene

peacepacificpacify

Winged Victory of Samothrace

💭 concept

victory, art

The monumental marble sculpture of Nike alighting on a ship's prow, created around 190 BC and now the most visited sculpture in the Louvre after the Venus de Milo.

nikevictory

Bellona

god

War, destruction, battlefield fury

Roman goddess of war and destruction, companion or sister of Mars, equivalent to the Greek Enyo

bellicosebelligerentrebel

Nike of Samothrace

💭 concept

Hellenistic sculpture

A monumental winged marble sculpture of Nike, the goddess of victory, carved around 190 BCE and displayed at the Louvre since 1884

nike

Goddess of Victory

💭 concept

Victory, triumph, speed, strength

Nike personifies victory in both war and peaceful competition, flying above battlefields to crown the worthy.

nikevictoriavictory

Venus

god

Love, beauty, desire, fertility

Roman goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, identified with the Greek Aphrodite but also revered as ancestress of the Roman people

venerealvenerate

Minerva

god

Wisdom, strategy, crafts, education

Roman goddess of wisdom, strategic warfare, and the arts, equated with the Greek Athena

mineral

Enyo

god

Goddess of war and destruction

Enyo was a goddess of war who delighted in bloodshed and the destruction of cities — she accompanied Ares and Eris into battle.

bellicose

Hera

god

Queen of the gods and guardian of marriage

The queen of Olympus and goddess of marriage who defended the institution of matrimony with a wrath that shaped half the myths.

Jupiter

god

King of gods, sky, thunder

Supreme deity of the Roman pantheon, equivalent to the Greek Zeus, ruling over gods and mortals from the heavens

jovial