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Greek Mythology Notes

Cephissus

godΚηφισός
river, purification

River god of the Cephissus, the principal river of Attica and Boeotia.‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌

The Myth of Cephissus

Cephissus was one of the most important river gods of central Greece, his sacred waters flowing through the plain near Delphi and past Athens itself.‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌ By the nymph Liriope, he fathered Narcissus — the beautiful youth who spurned all lovers, including the nymph Echo, until Aphrodite or Artemis cursed him to fall in love with his own reflection. Narcissus wasted away staring into a pool and was transformed into the flower bearing his name. Cephissus was also connected to the great sanctuary at Delphi, where Apollo's oracle drew pilgrims from across the Greek world. His river was considered holy, and offerings were cast into its waters before consulting the Pythia.

Parents

Oceanus, Tethys

Children

Narcissus

Symbols

river watershair offerings

Fun Fact

The Cephissus still flows through modern Athens, though much of it now runs underground beneath the city's streets.

Explore Further

Peneus

god

river, Thessaly

River god of the Peneus in Thessaly, father of Daphne.

Scamander

god

river, Troy

River god of the Scamander, the great river of the Trojan plain.

Alpheus

god

river, pursuit

River god of the Alpheus, the largest river in the Peloponnese.

Asopus

god

river, justice

River god of the Asopus in Boeotia, father of many nymphs.

Cephissus River

🏛 place

Sacred geography

A river in Boeotia and Attica sacred to multiple deities and personified as a river-god

none

Inachus

god

river, Argos

River god of the Inachus and legendary first king of Argos.

Achelous

god

Greatest river god, father of the Sirens

Achelous was the god of the mightiest river in Greece and father of the Sirens — he wrestled Heracles for the right to marry Deianira.

Achelousaurus

Alpheus River

🏛 place

geography

The longest river in the Peloponnese, personified as a god who pursued the nymph Arethusa beneath the sea.

Creusa

🌿 nymph

springs, motherhood

A Naiad nymph of Thessaly who bore Hypseus and Stilbe to the river god Peneus.

Asopus River

🏛 place

geography

A Boeotian river personified as a god whose daughters were repeatedly abducted by Olympian gods.

Styx

🌿 nymph

Oceanid goddess of the oath-river

Styx was both a river and an Oceanid goddess — the first divine ally of Zeus in the Titanomachy, rewarded by having her waters become the gods' unbreakable oath.

Stygian

Metope

🌿 nymph

rivers, motherhood

A river nymph, daughter of the river Ladon, who married the river god Asopus and bore him twenty daughters — many of whom were abducted by gods.

metope (architectural term for panels between triglyphs)