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Greek Mythology Notes

Vertumnus

godNone recorded
Seasons, change, gardens, plant growth

Roman god of seasonal change and gardens, a shape-shifter with no direct Greek equivalent‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍

The Myth of Vertumnus

Vertumnus was an Etruscan deity adopted by Rome, whose name derives from vertere, "to turn," reflecting his power over the turning seasons.‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍ He was a master shape-shifter who could take any form, and this ability featured prominently in his courtship of Pomona. Propertius devoted a famous elegy to a statue of Vertumnus that stood in the Vicus Tuscus, Rome's Etruscan quarter, in which the god boasts of his ability to become a reaper, a vine-dresser, a soldier, or a fisherman. He presided over the transformation of plants from flower to fruit, the turning of one season into the next, and by extension all forms of change and exchange. Merchants in the Vicus Tuscus worshipped him as a patron of trade.

Parents

None recorded

Symbols

fruitspruning knifewreath

Fun Fact

A statue of Vertumnus in Rome was famous for being redecorated each season in appropriate fruits and flowers

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

verseversatile

Explore Further

Pomona

god

Fruit trees, orchards, gardens

Roman goddess of fruit trees and orchards, with no direct Greek equivalent

pomology

Thallo

god

Spring, growth

Goddess of spring blossoms and one of the original Attic Horae who presided over the budding of plants

Circe

god

Sorceress goddess of transformation

A powerful sorceress who lived on the island of Aeaea. Circe transformed Odysseus's men into swine and later became his lover and advisor.

circean

Flora

god

Flowers, spring, blossoming plants

Roman goddess of flowers and spring, equivalent to the Greek Chloris

florafloralflorist

Demeter

god

Goddess of harvest and the Eleusinian Mysteries

Demeter was the goddess of grain, harvest, and fertility whose grief over Persephone's abduction explained the seasons and whose Mysteries promised hope beyond death.

cereal

Faunus

god

Forests, fields, flocks, prophecy

Roman god of the wild, forests, and flocks, equivalent to the Greek Pan

fauna

Auxo

god

Growth, summer

Goddess of plant growth and one of the original Attic Horae who presided over the increase of crops

Periclymenos

🗡 hero

Shape-shifting, combat

Grandson of Poseidon who could change shape at will and sailed with the Argonauts

Hermaphroditus

god

transformation

Son of Hermes and Aphrodite who was fused with the nymph Salmacis into a single being of both sexes.

hermaphrodite

Mars

god

War, agriculture, guardianship

Roman god of war and agriculture, second in importance only to Jupiter, far more honoured than his Greek counterpart Ares

martialmarch

Silvanus

god

Forests, boundaries, woodland

Roman god of forests and uncultivated land, protector of boundaries between wild and civilised spaces

sylvansilvaPennsylvania

Carpo

god

Harvest, autumn

Goddess of the autumn harvest and one of the original Attic Horae who presided over the fruiting of crops