Greek Mythology Notes
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Sphinx (Riddle)

creature
Σφίγξ
The riddle of the Sphinx

The Sphinx's riddle — "What walks on four legs, two legs, then three?" — is the most famous riddle in Western civilisation, a question about human nature itself.

The Myth

The riddle is deceptively simple: what creature changes its number of legs? The answer is Man — crawling as an infant, walking upright in prime, and using a cane in old age. But the riddle is also about self-knowledge: to answer correctly, you must understand what it means to be human. Oedipus solves the riddle but cannot solve the riddle of his own identity. The Sphinx destroys herself when her riddle is answered — wisdom destroys the questioner.

Symbols

riddlefour-two-three legsself-knowledgecliff

Fun Fact

The Sphinx's riddle asks "What is Man?" — the same question that defines philosophy. Oedipus answers it about humanity but fails to answer it about himself.

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