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Greek Mythology Notes

Pax

godΕἰρήνη
Peace, harmony, prosperity

Roman goddess of peace and civic harmony, equivalent to the Greek Eirene‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌

The Myth of Pax

Pax became one of the most politically significant deities under the Roman emperors.‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌ Augustus made peace the centrepiece of his propaganda after decades of civil war, and his Ara Pacis (Altar of Peace), completed in 9 BC, is one of the finest surviving works of Roman art, depicting a procession of the imperial family alongside mythological panels of abundance and tranquillity. Vespasian later built the magnificent Templum Pacis (Temple of Peace) after the Jewish War, using it to display treasures looted from Jerusalem. Pax was depicted holding an olive branch and a cornucopia, promising that peace brought prosperity. Roman coins frequently featured her image, often with the inscription PAX AVGVSTI — the Peace of the Emperor.

Parents

Jupiter and Justitia

Symbols

olive branchcornucopiasceptre

Fun Fact

The Ara Pacis of Augustus, now reconstructed in Rome, is one of the finest surviving examples of Roman political art

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

peacepacificpacify

Explore Further

Eirene

god

Goddess of peace

Eirene was the goddess of peace — one of the Horae, depicted holding the infant Ploutos (Wealth), showing that peace is the prerequisite for prosperity.

Irene

Concordia

god

Harmony, agreement, civic unity

Roman goddess of agreement and social harmony, equivalent to the Greek Homonoia

concordconcordance

Victoria

god

Victory, triumph, success

Roman goddess of victory, equivalent to the Greek Nike

victoryvictorious

Juno

god

Marriage, childbirth, women, the state

Queen of the Roman gods and protector of women and the state, counterpart to the Greek Hera

Junemoney

Fortuna

god

Luck, fate, chance, fortune

Roman goddess of fortune and chance, equivalent to the Greek Tyche

fortunefortunate

Athena

god

Goddess of wisdom, craft, and strategic warfare

Athena was the goddess of wisdom, strategic war, and craftsmanship — born fully armoured from Zeus's head, she was the most respected and feared Olympian after Zeus himself.

AthenaAthenian

Athena

god

Goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare

The warrior-goddess born from Zeus's head who embodied strategic intelligence, craft, and the civilising arts of the city.

AthensAthenaeum

Agathos Daimon

god

Good fortune, household protection

A benevolent spirit of good luck and prosperity venerated in domestic Greek religious practice

demondaemon

Minerva

god

Wisdom, strategy, crafts, education

Roman goddess of wisdom, strategic warfare, and the arts, equated with the Greek Athena

mineral

Eunomia

god

Goddess of good order and lawful governance

Eunomia was the goddess of good order, lawfulness, and civil governance — one of the Horae (Seasons) who embodied the conditions necessary for a just society.

eunomia

Hera

god

Queen of the gods and guardian of marriage

The queen of Olympus and goddess of marriage who defended the institution of matrimony with a wrath that shaped half the myths.

Venus

god

Love, beauty, desire, fertility

Roman goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, identified with the Greek Aphrodite but also revered as ancestress of the Roman people

venerealvenerate