Skip to main content
Greek Mythology Notes

Minotaur

💭 conceptLabyrinthΜῑνώταυρος
Mythology and architecture

The bull-headed monster imprisoned in the Labyrinth of Crete, whose myth gave English the concept of‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌ the labyrinth as a place of confusion and entrapment

The Meaning of Minotaur

The Minotaur was a creature with the body of a man and the head of a bull, born from the unnatural union of Queen Pasiphae of Crete with a magnificent white bull sent by Poseidon.‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌ King Minos, horrified and ashamed, commissioned the master craftsman Daedalus to build the Labyrinth — a vast, inescapable maze beneath the palace of Knossos — to contain the creature. The Minotaur fed on human flesh, and after the Athenians killed Minos's son Androgeos, Minos demanded a tribute of seven young men and seven young women from Athens every nine years. These youths were placed in the Labyrinth where the Minotaur hunted and devoured them. The tribute continued until Theseus volunteered as one of the victims, navigated the Labyrinth with the thread given to him by Ariadne, killed the Minotaur, and led his companions to safety. The myth gave the word "labyrinth" its enduring meaning of an inescapable maze or bewildering complexity. The archaeological discovery of the vast multi-level palace at Knossos by Arthur Evans in 1900 suggested a possible real-world inspiration for the labyrinth tradition.

Parents

None recorded

Symbols

labyrinthbull-headthread

Fun Fact

When Arthur Evans excavated the enormous palace at Knossos with its hundreds of interconnected rooms, many scholars believed he had found the inspiration for the Labyrinth

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

labyrinthminotaur

Explore Further

Labyrinth

💭 concept

Inescapable maze

The Labyrinth was the maze built by Daedalus beneath Knossos to contain the Minotaur — its name became the word for any complex, confusing structure.

labyrinthlabyrinthinelabyrinthitis

Labyrinth of Knossos

🏛 place

architecture, mystery

The legendary maze built by Daedalus to contain the Minotaur, possibly inspired by the elaborate palace at Knossos with its hundreds of interconnecting rooms.

labyrinthlabyrinthineclue

Labyrinthine

💭 concept

Language and complexity

An English adjective meaning extremely complex, convoluted, or maze-like, derived from the Labyrinth built by Daedalus to imprison the Minotaur beneath the palace of Knossos

labyrinthinelabyrinth

Theseus and the Minotaur

💭 concept

Narrative

The Athenian hero's descent into the Labyrinth to slay the bull-headed monster and liberate Athens from its blood tribute

Minotaur's Labyrinth

🐉 creature

Bull-headed man of the Labyrinth

The Minotaur was a creature with the body of a man and the head of a bull, born from Pasiphaë's unnatural union with the Cretan Bull, imprisoned in the Labyrinth.

minotaur

Minotaur

🐉 creature

Bull-headed monster of the Labyrinth

A monster with the body of a man and the head of a bull, imprisoned in the Labyrinth beneath Crete. The Minotaur was fed Athenian youths until Theseus slew it.

minotaurlabyrinthine

Beasts & Monsters

💭 concept

Monstrosity, boundary, trial

The creatures of Greek myth — from the Hydra to the Sphinx, from Pegasus to the Minotaur — each a living boundary between the human world and something older and wilder.

chimerahydrasiren

Labyrinth

🏛 place

The great maze built by Daedalus

An impossibly complex maze built beneath the palace of Knossos on Crete by the master craftsman Daedalus. The Labyrinth imprisoned the Minotaur at its center.

labyrinthlabyrinthine

Creation of Man

💭 concept

Narrative

The mythological accounts of how humanity was fashioned from clay and endowed with life by the gods

Prometheananthropology

Crete

🏛 place

Island of the Minotaur and Minoan civilisation

Crete was the largest Greek island and the seat of the Minoan civilisation, home to King Minos, the labyrinth, and the bull-cult that produced some of mythology's most famous stories.

Knossos

🏛 place

Palace of Minos and the Labyrinth

Knossos was the vast Bronze Age palace complex in Crete — seat of King Minos and the mythological site of the Labyrinth.

Minoan

Oedipus Cycle

💭 concept

Narrative

The interconnected myths tracing the cursed lineage of Oedipus from prophecy to tragic fulfilment

Oedipal