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Greek Mythology Notes

Labyrinthine

💭 conceptΛαβύρινθος
Language and complexity

An English adjective meaning extremely complex, convoluted, or maze-like, derived from the Labyrinth‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌ built by Daedalus to imprison the Minotaur beneath the palace of Knossos

The Meaning of Labyrinthine

The adjective "labyrinthine" derives from the Labyrinth, the elaborate maze constructed by the master craftsman Daedalus at the command of King Minos of Crete to contain the Minotaur.‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌ The Labyrinth was so cunningly designed that no one who entered could find the way out — not even Daedalus himself could easily navigate his own creation. The structure was located beneath or adjacent to the palace of Knossos, and the tribute of fourteen Athenian youths were placed within it to be hunted by the Minotaur. Only Theseus, with the ball of thread given by Ariadne, managed to navigate the passages, slay the monster, and retrace his steps to the exit. The word "labyrinth" may derive from labrys, the double-headed axe that was a sacred symbol of Minoan Crete, though this etymology is disputed. The adjective "labyrinthine" entered English to describe any system, structure, or process of bewildering complexity — labyrinthine bureaucracy, labyrinthine legal codes, labyrinthine city streets. In anatomy, the inner ear is called the labyrinth because of its complex, winding structure of passages and chambers.

Parents

None recorded

Symbols

mazethreaddouble-axe

Fun Fact

The inner ear is formally called the labyrinth in anatomical terminology because its complex winding passages reminded early anatomists of the Cretan maze

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

labyrinthinelabyrinth

Explore Further

Labyrinth

💭 concept

Inescapable maze

The Labyrinth was the maze built by Daedalus beneath Knossos to contain the Minotaur — its name became the word for any complex, confusing structure.

labyrinthlabyrinthinelabyrinthitis

Minotaur

💭 concept

Mythology and architecture

The bull-headed monster imprisoned in the Labyrinth of Crete, whose myth gave English the concept of the labyrinth as a place of confusion and entrapment

labyrinthminotaur

Labyrinth of Knossos

🏛 place

architecture, mystery

The legendary maze built by Daedalus to contain the Minotaur, possibly inspired by the elaborate palace at Knossos with its hundreds of interconnecting rooms.

labyrinthlabyrinthineclue

Cyclopean

💭 concept

Language and architecture

An English adjective meaning immense or massive, particularly applied to ancient stonework of enormous blocks, named after the Cyclopes who were believed to have built the walls of Mycenae and Tiryns

cyclopean

Electra Complex

💭 concept

Psychoanalysis and psychology

A psychoanalytic concept proposed by Carl Jung describing a daughter's unconscious rivalry with her mother for her father's affection, named after the mythological princess who urged the murder of her mother

Labyrinth

🏛 place

The great maze built by Daedalus

An impossibly complex maze built beneath the palace of Knossos on Crete by the master craftsman Daedalus. The Labyrinth imprisoned the Minotaur at its center.

labyrinthlabyrinthine

Stygian

💭 concept

Language and the underworld

An English adjective meaning extremely dark, gloomy, or hellish, derived from the River Styx, the boundary between the world of the living and the Greek underworld

stygianstyx

Oedipus Complex

💭 concept

Psychoanalysis and psychology

A Freudian psychoanalytic concept describing a child's unconscious desire for the parent of the opposite sex, named after the mythological king who unknowingly killed his father and married his mother

oedipal

Promethean

💭 concept

Language and ambition

An English adjective meaning daringly creative, rebellious, or boldly innovative, derived from the Titan Prometheus who stole fire from the gods and gave it to humanity

promethean

Knossos

🏛 place

Palace of Minos and the Labyrinth

Knossos was the vast Bronze Age palace complex in Crete — seat of King Minos and the mythological site of the Labyrinth.

Minoan

Psyche

💭 concept

Language and psychology

An English word meaning the human mind or soul, derived from Psyche, the mortal woman whose love for Eros and trials among the gods became an allegory for the soul's journey

psychepsychologypsychiatry

Odyssey

💭 concept

Language and literature

An English word meaning a long, eventful, and often difficult journey, derived from the title of Homer's epic poem describing Odysseus's ten-year voyage home from Troy

odyssey