Skip to main content
Greek Mythology Notes

Iphigenia

🗡 heroἸφιγένεια
Princess sacrificed for the Trojan War

Iphigenia was Agamemnon's eldest daughter, sacrificed at Aulis to gain winds for Troy — or rescued a‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍t the last moment by Artemis and whisked to Tauris.

The Legend of Iphigenia

Daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, Iphigenia was summoned to Aulis under the pretence of marriage to Achilles.‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍ Instead, Artemis demanded her sacrifice as the price for winds to carry the Greek fleet to Troy. Agamemnon, agonised, consented. In some versions Iphigenia died on the altar; in others, Artemis snatched her away at the last moment, substituting a deer, and transported her to Tauris as a priestess. Her brother Orestes later found her there. The sacrifice drove Clytemnestra to murder Agamemnon, igniting the bloodshed that only Athena's judgment could end.

Parents

Agamemnon and Clytemnestra

Symbols

sacrificial knifedeer substituteAulis harbourmarriage ruse

Fun Fact

Iphigenia is the Iliad's original casualty — sacrificed before the war even begins, her death taints everything that follows.

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

Iphigenia (bivalve genus)

Explore Further

Polyxena

🗡 hero

sacrifice

Trojan princess sacrificed on Achilles's tomb after the fall of Troy to appease his ghost.

Macaria

🗡 hero

Self-Sacrifice, Female Heroism, Heraclidae

Daughter of Heracles who voluntarily sacrificed herself so that the Heraclidae could defeat Eurystheus.

Clytemnestra

🗡 hero

Queen who murdered Agamemnon

Clytemnestra murdered Agamemnon on his return from Troy, driven by rage over Iphigenia's sacrifice.

Clytemnestra (copepod genus)

Menoeceus

🗡 hero

sacrifice, prophecy

A young Theban nobleman who sacrificed himself by leaping from the city walls to fulfil Tiresias's prophecy that only royal blood could save Thebes from the Seven.

sacrifice

Alcestis

🗡 hero

Wife who died for her husband

Alcestis was the devoted wife who volunteered to die in place of her husband Admetus — the only person willing to make the sacrifice.

Alcestis (crustacean genus)

Androgeos

🗡 hero

Athletics, sacrifice

Son of King Minos whose murder at Athens caused the tribute of seven youths and seven maidens to the Minotaur

Chryseis

🗡 hero

Captive who caused the quarrel of the Iliad

Chryseis was the priest's daughter whose captivity by Agamemnon and forced return sparked the quarrel with Achilles that drives the entire Iliad.

Cassiopeia

🗡 hero

Queen whose vanity endangered her daughter

Cassiopeia was the queen who boasted her beauty exceeded the sea nymphs — provoking Poseidon to demand her daughter Andromeda as sacrifice.

Cassiopeia

Sacrifice of Iphigenia

💭 concept

sacrifice, wind

Agamemnon's sacrifice of his daughter at Aulis to appease Artemis and gain favourable winds for the Greek fleet to sail to Troy.

iphigenia

Hecuba

🗡 hero

vengeance

Queen of Troy who survived the fall, witnessed the sacrifice of Polyxena, and took savage revenge on the man who murdered her son Polydorus.

Haemon

🗡 hero

None recorded

Son of Creon and fiancé of Antigone who died beside her in defiance of his father

Leodes

🗡 hero

None recorded

Reluctant suitor and sacrificial priest who failed to string Odysseus' bow