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Greek Mythology Notes

Harpy

🐉 creatureἍρπυια
Wind spirits of sudden snatching

The Harpies were winged spirits who snatched people and things away without warning, personifying th‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌e sudden destructive gusts of wind.

The Myth of Harpy

The Harpies were wind spirits, daughters of Thaumas and the Oceanid Electra — sisters of Iris, Hera's rainbow messenger.‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌ Originally described by Homer and Hesiod as swift and beautiful, they later became foul bird-women with sharp talons, carrying off food and souls alike. Their most famous torment targeted the blind prophet Phineus of Thrace: whenever he sat to eat, the Harpies snatched his food, befouling what remained. When Jason and the Argonauts arrived, the winged sons of Boreas — Zetes and Calais — chased the Harpies across the sky. Zeus (or Iris) intervened, making the Harpies swear to leave Phineus in peace. In the Odyssey, they are blamed for snatching the daughters of Pandareus to serve the Furies.

Parents

Thaumas and Electra

Symbols

talonswingswindstorm

Fun Fact

The word "harpy" entered English meaning a grasping, unpleasant person — and "harpoon" may derive from the same Greek root harpazein, "to snatch."

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

harpyharpoon

Explore Further

Harpies

🐉 creature

storm winds, punishment

Winged spirits who snatched away the living and defiled food with their filth, serving as agents of divine punishment.

harpy

Gello

🐉 creature

child-snatching, haunting

A female demon believed to steal and devour infants, originating from the ghost of a young woman who died before bearing children.

Zetes and Calais

🗡 hero

flight

Winged sons of Boreas who joined the Argonauts and chased the Harpies away from the blind prophet Phineus.

boreal

Kobaloi

🐉 creature

spirits

Mischievous trickster spirits who plagued travellers and were associated with Dionysus

cobaltkobold

Sileni

🐉 creature

wilderness, Dionysus

Elderly, pot-bellied woodland spirits closely related to Satyrs, often depicted drunk and riding donkeys in the retinue of Dionysus.

Lamia

🐉 creature

Child-devouring queen turned monster

Lamia was a beautiful queen of Libya whom Zeus loved; when Hera killed her children in jealousy, Lamia was driven mad and became a child-snatching monster.

lamia

Sphinx

🐉 creature

Riddler and strangler of Thebes

The Greek Sphinx was a winged monster with the head of a woman and the body of a lion who posed a deadly riddle to all who approached Thebes.

sphinx

Cadmean Vixen

🐉 creature

curses,beasts

A supernatural vixen cursed to never be caught, sent to terrorise the people of Thebes as divine punishment — an uncatchable fox that had to be fed a child each month.

Oreithyia

🗡 hero

abduction

Athenian princess abducted by the North Wind Boreas, mother of the winged Argonauts Zetes and Calais.

Phineus the Seer

🗡 hero

prophecy

Blind Thracian king and prophet cursed by Zeus to have his food snatched by Harpies until the Argonauts freed him.

Siren Songs

🐉 creature

Bird-women whose song lured sailors to death

The Sirens were creatures — part bird, part woman — whose irresistible song lured sailors to crash on their island's rocks.

sirensiren song

Calais

🗡 hero

Wind, flight

Winged son of Boreas the North Wind who sailed with the Argonauts and drove off the Harpies