Skip to main content
Greek Mythology Notes

Tisiphone

godΤισιφόνη
Underworld

One of the three Erinyes who avenges murder by driving perpetrators to madness‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍

The Myth of Tisiphone

Tisiphone, whose name means "Avenger of Murder," was one of the three dreaded Erinyes (Furies), born from the blood of Ouranos when Kronos castrated him with an adamantine sickle.‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍ She and her sisters Alecto and Megaera dwelt in the deepest reaches of Erebus, emerging to pursue mortals who had committed the most heinous crimes — particularly the murder of kin. Tisiphone was specifically charged with punishing homicide. She appeared as a terrifying figure draped in a blood-soaked robe, with serpents writhing in her hair and a whip or torch in her hand. In Virgil's Aeneid, she stands guard at the gates of Tartarus, lashing the condemned as they enter. In the myth of the Theban cycle, Tisiphone drove the daughters of Proetus to madness as punishment for their impiety. The Erinyes could not be appeased by prayer or sacrifice — only by the proper purification of the killer and the satisfaction of the victim's blood-debt. Their relentless pursuit embodied the Greek conviction that murder polluted not only the killer but the entire community until justice was served.

Parents

Ouranos and Gaia (born from Ouranos's blood)

Symbols

whipserpenttorch

Fun Fact

The Greeks often called the Erinyes "the Eumenides" (Kindly Ones) as a euphemism, fearing that speaking their true name would summon them

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

phonetelephone

Explore Further

Megaera

god

Underworld

One of the three Erinyes who punishes oath-breakers, the jealous, and those guilty of marital infidelity

Alecto

god

Underworld

One of the three Erinyes whose name means "Unceasing" and who embodies relentless anger

Phonoi

god

Murder, killing, slaughter

The daimones of murder and manslaughter, personifying the bloodshed that stains communities

none

Lyssa

god

Madness and frenzy

Goddess of mad rage and rabid frenzy who drove Heracles to murder his own children

Ixion

🗡 hero

First murderer and first sinner

Ixion was the first human to murder a kinsman and the first to attempt seduction of a goddess — bound forever to a spinning wheel of fire.

Ixion (fly genus)

Hades

god

King of the dead

The ruler of the Underworld who received the dead, guarded by Cerberus and feared so deeply that Greeks avoided speaking his name.

plutocratplutonium

Erinyes

💭 concept

The Furies — avengers of crimes

Three terrifying goddesses who punished those guilty of murder, oath-breaking, and crimes against family. Also called the Furies or, euphemistically, the Eumenides.

furyfuriousinfernal

Tereus and Philomela

🗡 hero

vengeance, transformation

The myth of a Thracian king who assaulted his sister-in-law and cut out her tongue, only for the sisters to exact gruesome revenge.

philomelnightingale

Clytemnestra

🗡 hero

Queen who murdered Agamemnon

Clytemnestra murdered Agamemnon on his return from Troy, driven by rage over Iphigenia's sacrifice.

Clytemnestra (copepod genus)

Danaids

🗡 hero

punishment

The fifty daughters of Danaus, forty-nine of whom murdered their husbands and were condemned to fill leaky vessels in Tartarus forever.

Stheno

🐉 creature

immortality

Eldest and most ferocious of the three Gorgon sisters, immortal unlike Medusa, who pursued Perseus after he beheaded her sister.

sthenic

Hera

god

Queen of the gods, marriage, family, childbirth

Queen of the Olympian gods and goddess of marriage. Known for her jealous rages against Zeus's lovers and their children.

heroine (disputed etymology)