Strix

The strix came at night, through windows left unlatched or doors improperly sealed.‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌ It had the body of an owl — or a woman who became an owl — and it fed on the blood and flesh of infants. Roman mothers checked their children's cradles obsessively after dark, looking for the scratch marks that meant a strix had visited.

The Greek tradition was older than the Roman, though the Romans gave it sharper definition. Ovid described the striges in the Fasti: large-headed birds with hooked beaks, grey feathers, and talons that gripped sleeping babies while the beak opened veins. They came uninvited and unwelcome, and the only defense was a ritual involving hawthorn branches placed at the window and a sacrifice to Carna, goddess of hinges and thresholds.

Ovid told the story of Proca, an infant prince who was attacked by striges in his cradle. The birds had already begun feeding when Carna intervened, driving them away with arbutus branches and sprinkling the threshold with water touched by the herb. The child survived. The ritual became standard nursery protection.

Were the striges actual birds, or transformed women? Sources disagreed. Some treated them as a natural species — a nocturnal predatory bird that happened to prefer human blood. Others considered them witches who assumed owl form, or the restless dead returning as avian revenants.

The strix gave its name to the zoological family Strigidae — the true owls. Every barn owl and great horned owl carries the name of a baby-killing vampire. The association between owls and death, still potent in many cultures, traces directly to this creature.