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Greek Mythology Notes

Pan

godΠάν
God of the wild, shepherds, and panic

Pan was the goat-legged god of the wild, shepherds, and mountain meadows whose sudden appearance cou‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌ld cause "panic" — the irrational terror named after him.

The Myth of Pan

Pan had the legs, horns, and shaggy beard of a goat and the torso of a man, dwelling in the wild forests of Arcadia.‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌ Son of Hermes (in most accounts), he played the syrinx — panpipes he invented after the nymph Syrinx fled him and was transformed into reeds by river nymphs. His music echoed through the mountains where he guarded flocks and danced with nymphs and satyrs. Pan could inspire sudden, irrational fear — "panic" — in travellers who encountered him in lonely places. He used this power at the Battle of Marathon, routing the Persians for Athens. Pan recovered Zeus's sinews from Typhon's cave alongside Hermes. He competed musically with Apollo and once lured Selene into the woods with a white fleece.

Parents

Hermes and a nymph (or Penelope)

Children

Silenus (in some traditions)

Symbols

panpipesgoat legshornsArcadia

Fun Fact

"Panic" comes directly from Pan — the terror he caused in lonely places. "Pandemonium" (all demons) also echoes his name.

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

panicpandemoniumpanpipespandemic

Explore Further

Pan

god

God of the wild, shepherds, rustic music

The goat-legged god of wilderness, shepherds, and rustic music. Pan's sudden appearance caused irrational terror in travelers — the origin of the word "panic."

panic

Pan

god

God of shepherds and wild panic

The goat-footed god of shepherds, wilds, and rustic music whose sudden appearance caused the terror that bears his name: panic.

panicpandemoniumpandemic

Faunus

god

Forests, fields, flocks, prophecy

Roman god of the wild, forests, and flocks, equivalent to the Greek Pan

fauna

Panes

🐉 creature

nature spirits

A race of goat-legged nature spirits modelled after the god Pan, haunting wild mountains and forests

panic

Panic

💭 concept

Fear, terror, sudden irrational dread

Sudden uncontrollable fear, from the god Pan whose shouts in the wilderness caused stampedes of terror.

panpanicfear

Phobos

god

God of fear and panic in battle

Phobos was the god of fear who accompanied his father Ares into battle, spreading terror before the armies.

phobiaarachnophobiaclaustrophobia

Silvanus

god

Forests, boundaries, woodland

Roman god of forests and uncultivated land, protector of boundaries between wild and civilised spaces

sylvansilvaPennsylvania

Satyrs

🐉 creature

wilderness, Dionysus

Half-human woodland spirits with horse or goat features who formed the raucous entourage of Dionysus, embodying untamed natural impulses.

satiresatirical

Apollo

god

God of light, music, prophecy, and plague

Apollo was the most complex Olympian — god of light, music, poetry, prophecy, healing, plague, and rational thought, the divine embodiment of Greek civilisation.

ApollonianApollo program

Fauns

🐉 creature

woodland, pastoral

Goat-legged woodland spirits of Roman origin that became conflated with Greek Satyrs and Pans in later mythological tradition.

faunafawn

Satyr

🐉 creature

Spirits of wild nature

Satyrs were rustic nature spirits of the woodlands, companions of Dionysus, depicted with horse-like ears and tails, known for their love of wine, music, and revelry.

satiresatyriasis

Apollo

god

God of prophecy, music, and plague

The radiant god of light, prophecy, music, healing, and plague — the most complex deity in the Greek pantheon.

Apollonianapollonian