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Greek Mythology Notes

Lucina

godΕἰλείθυια
Childbirth, light, newborns

Roman goddess of childbirth who brought babies into the light, equivalent to the Greek Eileithyia‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌

The Myth of Lucina

Lucina's name comes from lux, "light," because she brought children into the light of day.‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌ She was sometimes treated as an independent deity and sometimes as an aspect of Juno (Juno Lucina) or Diana. Her sacred grove on the Esquiline Hill was one of the oldest in Rome. Women in labour called upon her name, and it was forbidden to tie knots or cross legs in her temple, as these were thought to magically impede delivery. The Matronalia on 1 March was closely associated with her worship, and new mothers made offerings at her shrine. Roman midwives invoked her as a matter of course. Her cult reflects the deadly seriousness of childbirth in the ancient world, where maternal mortality was extremely high.

Parents

None recorded

Symbols

torchkeynewborn

Fun Fact

It was strictly forbidden to cross your legs or tie any knots inside a temple of Lucina, as this was believed to block childbirth

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

lucid

Explore Further

Eileithyia

god

Goddess of childbirth

Eileithyia presided over every birth — without her, no child could be born, giving her quiet but absolute power.

Juno

god

Marriage, childbirth, women, the state

Queen of the Roman gods and protector of women and the state, counterpart to the Greek Hera

Junemoney

Venus

god

Love, beauty, desire, fertility

Roman goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, identified with the Greek Aphrodite but also revered as ancestress of the Roman people

venerealvenerate

Epione

goddess

soothing of pain, healing, comfort

Goddess of the soothing of pain, wife of Asclepius and mother of the healing deities who attended his cult at Epidaurus.

epione

Melinoe

god

Underworld

A chthonic goddess of ghosts and nightmares who drove mortals to madness with spectral visions

Hygeia

goddess

health, cleanliness, sanitation, prevention of illness

Goddess of health, cleanliness, and the prevention of sickness, daughter of Asclepius and one of the most widely worshipped healing deities.

hygienehygienic

Libera

god

Female fertility, freedom, wine

Roman goddess of female fertility and freedom, consort of Liber, sometimes identified with Proserpina

liberalliberty

Achelois

🐉 creature

Moon, healing

Minor moon goddess or epithet meaning she who washes away pain, associated with lunar healing rites

Luna

god

Moon, night, cycles

Roman goddess of the moon, equivalent to the Greek Selene

lunarlunaticlunacy

Dione

🏔 titan

Titaness and mother of Aphrodite

An ancient Titaness worshipped at Dodona as the consort of Zeus and, in Homer's tradition, the mother of Aphrodite.

Persephone

god

Queen of the Underworld

The daughter of Demeter who became queen of the dead — the goddess who bridges the living world and the realm of the departed.

Hera

god

Queen of the gods, marriage, family, childbirth

Queen of the Olympian gods and goddess of marriage. Known for her jealous rages against Zeus's lovers and their children.

heroine (disputed etymology)