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Greek Mythology Notes

Lamia

🐉 creaturepluralΛάμιαι
monsters,child-devouring

A class of bogeywoman creatures derived from the original Lamia myth — female demons said to prey on‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌ children and young men, used in antiquity to frighten children into obedience.

The Myth of Lamia

The individual Lamia — the queen of Libya whose children were killed by Hera — gave her name to a whole category of night-haunting female monsters.‍​‌​‍​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‌ The plural Lamiai were shapeshifting demons, sometimes beautiful women who lured young men to devour them, sometimes horrifying creatures that stole and ate children. Philosophers used them: Plato and Aristotle both mention lamiai as the kind of frightening stories nurses told children. Keats' poem Lamia drew on the tradition as passed through Philostratus, who wrote of a Lamia who took the form of a beautiful woman. The lamiai represent the ancient Mediterranean's complex of child-threatening female demons, related to the Strix, Mormo, and Gello in function if not in direct genealogy.

Parents

None recorded

Symbols

shapeshiftingchildrennight

Fun Fact

Aristotle mentions lamiai as the kind of scary stories used to frighten children — evidence that by the classical period they had already become as much nursery-bogeys as mythological figures.

Explore Further

Gello

🐉 creature

child-snatching, haunting

A female demon believed to steal and devour infants, originating from the ghost of a young woman who died before bearing children.

Mormo

🐉 creature

demons

A female phantom used to frighten children, said to bite the disobedient and drink their blood

Lamia

🐉 creature

Child-devouring queen turned monster

Lamia was a beautiful queen of Libya whom Zeus loved; when Hera killed her children in jealousy, Lamia was driven mad and became a child-snatching monster.

lamia

Sybaris

🐉 creature

monsters

A monstrous serpent-dragon that terrorised the region around Delphi until slain by a young hero

sybarite

Mormolyce

🐉 creature

bogeywoman, fear

A fearsome female spirit used by Greek parents to frighten misbehaving children into obedience, similar to a bogeywoman.

Echidna

🐉 creature

Mother of all monsters

Echidna was half woman, half serpent — called the Mother of All Monsters for bearing the most fearsome creatures of Greek mythology.

echidna

Empousa

🐉 creature

demons

A shape-shifting demoness with one bronze leg and one donkey leg who preyed on travellers

Ceto

🐉 creature

Sea, monsters

Primordial sea goddess known as the Mother of Monsters who bore many of the most fearsome creatures in Greek myth

cetacean

Empusa

🐉 creature

Shape-shifting demoness

Empusa was a shape-shifting female demon in the retinue of Hecate, said to seduce and feed upon travellers by appearing as a beautiful woman.

Empusa (mantis genus)

Krataiis

🐉 creature

Sea, terror

Sea goddess or nymph identified as the mother of the terrifying six-headed monster Scylla

Phorcydes

🐉 creature

sea creatures

The monstrous children of Phorcys and Ceto, including the Gorgons, Graeae, and other terrors

Medusa

🐉 creature

transformation

Once a beautiful priestess of Athena, raped by Poseidon in Athena's temple and punished by the goddess with a monstrous form.

medusapetrify