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Greek Mythology Notes

Homeric Hymns

💭 conceptὉμηρικοὶ Ὕμνοι
Literature

A collection of thirty-three ancient Greek hymns celebrating individual Olympian and chthonic deitie‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌s

The Meaning of Homeric Hymns

The Homeric Hymns are a collection of hexameter poems composed between the seventh and fifth centuries BCE, attributed to Homer by ancient tradition though produced by multiple anonymous poets.‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌ Each hymn addresses a specific deity, narrating the myths associated with their birth, powers, or cult. The longest and most celebrated are the Hymn to Demeter, which tells the abduction of Persephone and the founding of the Eleusinian Mysteries; the Hymn to Apollo, describing his birth on Delos and the establishment of his oracle at Delphi; the Hymn to Hermes, recounting the infant god's theft of Apollo's cattle; and the Hymn to Aphrodite, narrating her seduction of the mortal Anchises. The shorter hymns serve as preludes that rhapsodes performed before reciting longer epic works at festivals. Collectively, the Homeric Hymns provide essential evidence for early Greek religious thought, cult practice, and the characterisation of the gods in ways that complement and sometimes contradict Homer's epics.

Parents

None recorded

Symbols

lyrealtarlaurel

Fun Fact

The Hymn to Hermes portrays the god as a mischievous newborn who invents the lyre and steals cattle all on his first day of life

Words We Inherited

English words and phrases that trace back to this myth. See our full guide to English words from Greek mythology.

hymn

Explore Further

Hymnos

💭 concept

religion, literature

A sacred song or poem of praise addressed to a god — one of the primary forms of Greek religious expression and literary composition.

hymnhymnody

Theogony

💭 concept

Literature

Hesiod's epic poem describing the origins and genealogies of the Greek gods

theogonytheologytheism

Dionysiaca

💭 concept

Literature

Nonnus's sprawling epic poem narrating the life and conquests of the god Dionysus in forty-eight books

none

Bibliotheca

💭 concept

Literature

An alternative title for the mythological handbook attributed to Apollodorus, cataloguing the full scope of Greek myth

bibliographybibliotheca

Hesiod

💭 concept

Didactic poetry, cosmogony

Boeotian poet who composed the Theogony and Works and Days in the archaic period

none

Fasti

💭 concept

Literature

Ovid's poetic calendar explaining the religious festivals and mythological origins of the Roman year

fastifestival

Nonnus

💭 concept

Epic poetry, Dionysus

Late antique poet who composed the Dionysiaca, the longest surviving epic poem from Greco-Roman antiquity

none

Library of Apollodorus

💭 concept

Literature

A comprehensive ancient handbook cataloguing Greek myths, genealogies, and heroic narratives

librarybibliography

Pindar Odes

💭 concept

Literature

Pindar's victory odes celebrating athletic champions at the great Panhellenic festivals of ancient Greece

pindaric

Aeneid

💭 concept

Literature

Virgil's epic poem following the Trojan hero Aeneas from the fall of Troy to the founding of Rome

aeneid

Apollodorus

💭 concept

Mythography, compilation

Author of the Bibliotheca, the most comprehensive surviving handbook of Greek mythology

none

Homer

💭 concept

Epic poetry, Troy, Odyssey

Legendary blind poet credited with composing the Iliad and the Odyssey

Homeric